Butterfly Necklace in 925 Silver

Butterflies are probably the most beautiful insects thanks to the infinite variety of designs and colors that characterize the wings, the most showy part of their body. Flight is their "usual" way of moving: some have a fast and agile flight, others are slow and heavy. The legs are little used for locomotion and are essentially used to cling to the substrate when they rest to rest or to feed.

The mouthparts consist of a sort of proboscis (spirotromba) with which they suck the liquid substances that make up their food. When not in use, the trunk is coiled in a spiral under the head; in many species it reaches a remarkable development, such as to allow the exploration of the deepest corollas.

By resting on flowers, butterflies play a very important role in pollination; they prefer to perch on the flowers or among the vegetables on which the caterpillars feed, but they can also be observed on the trunks and branches of the trees, among the stones, in the threshing floors and in the courtyards of the houses.

We commonly speak of diurnal butterflies and nocturnal butterflies as many species are active in the central hours of the day, others have crepuscular habits, some move only in the morning, others prefer total darkness. From the scientific point of view, however, this division is not very precise; in fact there are "nocturnal" species that fly even during the day (such as the Zigene) and "diurnal" species that also move at night. A difference between "diurnal" and "nocturnal" species is given by the way in which they hold their wings when they rest: the "diurnal" butterflies fold them against each other perpendicularly to the body, the "nocturnal" ones arrange them as roofs along the abdomen.

They lay eggs from which the larvae, commonly called caterpillars, are born. These are equipped with powerful jaws with which they feed on the plants on which they live. Some gnaw the whole leaf, others make holes in it. Some caterpillars live in the wood, where they dig long tunnels. After a certain period of time (which varies from species to species), the caterpillars transform into a chrysalis and then (again after a time that varies from species to species) into a real butterfly. About 140,000 species of butterflies are known in the world: the most colorful and also the largest (the largest wingspan reaches 32 cm) live in tropical and subtropical countries. In Europe 6000 species of butterflies are known, of which only 380 are classified as “diurnal”. The largest butterfly on our continent is the Saturnia pyri ( Saturnia del pero or Pavonia maggiore ) , a nocturnal butterfly that can reach 14 cm in wingspan.

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